Grinding-machine.



PATLNTLD JUNL'19, 1906. J; o. MILLER L L. LLHOWARD.

GRINDING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED @0.27, 1904.'

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PATENTED JUNE-"19, 1906.

J. C. MILLER & L. E. HOWARD. v

v GRINDING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 1130.27, 1so4. n

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No.'823,6 13.- PATENTED JUNE 19, 1906. J C. MILLER & L.' E, HOWARD.

GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLIGATIO-N FILED DEO. 27, 1904.`

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. GRINDING MACHINE. APPLICATION IILIID M027., 1904.

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UNITED STATES JOHN c. MILLER,l OF, OAK PARK,

GRANGE, ILLINOIS, AssIGNORs To PATENT OEEIOE.

LESLIE E. HOWARD, OE LA l AND j l sIMONDs MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF FITCHBURG, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

Specification of Letters Patent. i Application filed December. 27, 1904. i Serial No. 238.400.

GRINDING-MAQHINE.

"resented June 19,1906.

To all when/1. it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN C. MILLER, a.

' resident of Oak Park, and LESLIE E., HOW- -th ring wheel.

The objectionsy whichl have been encountered in this class of machines heretofore have been the linability of maintaining the surface of the work'properly cooled to'prevent withdrawin the temper, a stream of water when used fieing rapidly thrown off b'y centrifugal action, and thus rendered ineffective for itsintended purpose. yDry grinding also produces an inferior finish` and causes distortion through the effects of the heat generated on the article subjected to the machine. Furthermore, in machines of this class using an upright spindle heretofore, so far as we are aware, no provision has been made to counterbalance the gravity eHect of the grinding-ring and its drivin parts, with the result that where the grin ing-ring has partial contact with the work, as where'it it produces irregularities in the ground surface. -f

Still another objection in prior machines relates to the amount of time andwork involved in yproperly fitting and adjusting the Work to the reciprocating bed preliminary to the grinding operation.

Our invention has for its primary object to 'eliminate the objections hereinabove speciplace,

y,whereby the fied, and this it accomplishes, in the first through the employment of means work and thev grinding-surface of the machine are maintained constantly submerged in a cooling fiuid; in the second/ v place,l through the provision .of means wherey the gravity effect of the ringwheel and its operating parts is overbalanced and the ring wheel kept to` its work through the provision of'adjustable vmechanism positively holding it there, and, In. the third place,

througth the provision of magnetic means for holding the work in place, thereby dis ens.- ing with the necessity chanical fastening devices.

Still other minor objects and advantages of the invention will appear later in connection with the following detailed description.

embodiment is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Y Figure 1 Is a side elevational view of the the Iline 2 2 of Fig. 1, certain of the parts appearing infront elevation. 3 is a longisectional view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of an adjustable yoke in which is mounted themain carrying mechanism ofthe ring-wheel spindle.. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the belt-shifting mechanism, and. Fi 6 is a detail top plan view of a portion o the'mechanism for wheel.

Referring to the drawings, 10 designates a stationary frame, and 11 the reciprocating bed-plate, corresponding to lthe form commonly used in the ordinary,iron planer. The reciprocations of the latter over the former are effected from a main transverse drivingshaft 12 through a skew-rack 13 on the under side of the bed engaged by a skew-gear 14,

from the driving-shaft 12 through ,the iniiuence of suitable speed -reducing gears, which may comprise a pinion 15 on the driving-shaft meshing with the gear 16 of an 4intermediate'shaft 17, this latter carrying -a skew-pinion 18, engaging and driving the 'skew-gear 14. On either end of the drivingshaft 12 are fast and loose ulleys 19 and`20 ing operated from a suitable overhead source of power'by al crossed belt 21, and the latter by anopen belt 22. For reversing the movement of the reciprocating bed at the limits of shown, of a belt-shifter bar 23, extending machine.` Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view onf effecting the angular adjustment of the ring` .mounted in the frame, the latter being driven.

for any and al mel Our invention in its preferred mechanical f and 19a and 20a, respective y, the former be- Iits travel automatic means are employed to shift the belts-2.1 and 22l at such point. Such means may conveniently consist, as herein vIco across the machine-frame and carrying beltengaging loops 24 and 25,'said bar being actuated from the oscillations of ashort shaft 26, mounted in the machine-frame, through the provision of an arm 27, formed to be alternately struck by tappets 23 and 29, depending from the side of the reciprocating bed, and connections from said shaft to the bar 23, which, as best shown in Fig. 5, may consist of an `arm 3G, a bell-crank 31, pivoted to the frame, and a link 32, connecting theV I. bed-plate, (see Fig. 2,) is a water-tight boX or tank35, preferably ofy cast-iron and open at the to In this box and secured to the bottom t ereof, asloy bolts 36, are one or more electromagnets, (a pair of such being herein shown.) These magnets each consist, pref erably, of a cast-iron case 37, within which is a soft-iron core 38, surrounded by the windings 39 of the usual magnetic coil, around which windings is fitted in a Water-tight manner a sheathing or covering of non-magnetic material, such as brass, (indicated at 40.) In the top member of the case above the magnetic coils is inserted a pair of magnetic in# sulating-strips 41, the purpose'of which is to direct the magnetic lines of force around and over said strips through the material or work to be treated laid on to of said magnets, such work being herein in icated as a flat knifeblade 42. By this construction and arrangement it will'be seen that the magnetic lines of force setup by passing an electric current through the coils of the magnets will necessarily be directed through the work 42 over the casin which adheres rigidly to the upper A.tace of t e magnet while subjected to the grinding operation. In the preferred practice the magnet-containing case 37 is rendered substantially water-tight and is caused to direct the magnetic influence in the manner described by uniting the opposite halves of the case and the intermediate filling-strip lying between the nonfmagnetic division-strips 41 by means of non-magnetic bolts 43, drawing said parts tightly together. ln order to drain off any possible leakage that may findits way Within the case and for purposes of ventilation, the bottom plate of the case and its underlying supporting parts are providedn with drain-ducts, (indicated by dotted lines at 44.)

Referring next to the ring wheel and the mechanism for supporting, driving, and adstaats 'justing the same, 45 designates each of a pair of side frame members or housings which rise from the stationary frame 10 on either side to a height considerably above the level of the reciprocating bed-plate. Secured to and between these housings and projecting forwardly over the bed-plate is a yoke 46, (shown in detail-in Fig. 4,) said yoke having at its forward ends split journal-bearings 46L for 'the trunnions V47CL Vof an upright yoke 47 pivotally mounted therebetween. rlhe yoke 47 is provided with upper and lower bearing members or casings 43 and 49, respectively, within which in suitable paclring-slee\f s and bushings is rotatably mounted a spindle 50, carrying at its lower end the ring wheel or grinder 51, secured thereto, as herein shown, between fixed and removable washers 52 and 53, respectively, secured in place by a nut 54 on the lower end ofthe'spin'dle. Secured to the spindle 50and fast by a key 55 is a pulley 56, adapted to be engaged by a suitable driving-belt to effect the rotation o1 the spindle and ring wheel at the desired speed. As hereinabove mentioned, a prominent feature of our invention resides lin the provision of means for normally overbalancing the ring wheel and its driving and adjusting parts, and, as herein shown, such means comprises a lever 57, fulcrumed at 5S on a stationary bracket-arm 59, one end oi said lever being forked and having pivotal connection with the upper end of the s indle through a trunnion-ring 60, mounte on the upper end of the spindle and secured in place by a nut G1, rendered non-rotatable by a suitable key 62. The long arm of the lever 57 carries an ad* justable4 weight 63. The upper and lower j ournalbearings of the spindle are preferably constructed as follows:

Referring first to the upper bearing, (shown in sectional detail in Fig. 3,) 64 designates an inner sleeve of Babbitt or other soft metal forming a direct bearing member and confined endwise and circumferentially by a IOO hard-metal sleeve 65, that is externally threaded sleeve or bushing 66, of soft metal,

that is in turn confined endwise and circumferentially by the outer casing 48 of the bearing. The hard-metal sleeve 65 is of reduced diameter at its lower end, where it surrounds the spindle, as shown at 65, and on such reduced portion is non-rotatably mounted, as by a feather 67, a worm-wheel 68, this latter being driven by a worm 69, journaled in a forwardly-projecting bracket 7070i the yoke and itself operated b a hand-wheel 71 on one end of the worm-s iaft. The hand-wheel 71 might of course besubstituted by an automatic feed, if desired.

72 designates a collar shrunk or otherwise fast on the spindle 50 between the upper end of the pulley 56 and the lower end of the reduced portion 65 of sleeve '65. rl`he collar I 7 2 is normally held in contact with the lower l end of sleeve 65 by the upward pull on the spindlecreated by the lever 57 and its overbalancin generally si ar to the up 4er bearing, c`omprising an inner bushing o Babbitt or other softmetal 73, confined circumferentially andy endwise by avhard-metalsleeve 74,' between which latter andthe outer casing 49 is another soft-metal lining 75. The lower end of the sleeve7 4 is slightlyseparatedfrom the upper washer 52 of the ringwheel to' permit j of the vertical adjustment o f the spindle through its'bearingsfsuch lower end of the sleeve preferably having an annular flange 74, that telescopes a short boss 52a up er side of washer 52. f j

groin the foregoing it will be seen that the tendency of the weight 63 throughrlever 57 upon the upper end of the spindle is to elevate the spindle and the ring wheel, which movement is resisted by the bearing of the vThe ringlwheel and its supporting ing thicknesses,

collar 72 against thelower end of sleeve 65. By turningr the hand-wheel 71 or its equivalent where an automatic adjustment is provided the threaded sleeve 65 is rotated in its threaded bearing in the stationary sleeve 66, whereby it rises or falls to a limited extent, according to the direct i n ofY adjustment. When adjusted u wadly, it permitsa corresponding u war movement of the spindle and ring w eel, the collar 72 following such upward movement of the sleeve and limiting the extent ofv the vertical adjustment; but when operated in the opposite direction it effects a downward travel `of the threaded sleeve, which, contacting the collar 7 2,fast on the spindle, forces the spindle andring wheel' downwardly against ,the elevating tendency of the weight 63.A It will thus be seen that the gravity effect of thejring wheel and its driving parts upon the work is entirely eliminated and replaced b a direct pressure, the degree or extent of w ich is ca able of exact adjustment bythe mechanism ast described.

and ldrivanism is capable of bo ily vertical for adaptation tov work of varythe means herein shown for essentially, a air 76, journale at p ing mec adjustment such purposes comprisin of vertical threaded rod their upper ends in the upperends of the housings 45 and engaging internally-threaded bearings in nuts 77, Fig. 4, -secured to yokeI 46, as by screw-bolts 78. The up er' ends of rods 76 carry pinions 79, engage by bevelpinions 8() on a cross-shaft 81, suitably journaled across the tops ofhousings 45, said shaft carrying at one end an arm 82 and handle 83 or equivalent means for turning the same. By this mechanism the rotation of the shaft 81 through the threaded rods 76 bodily-raises or lowers'the spindle-carrying yoke 46, Aaccording to thefdirection of rotation.

-wrii'ght 63. The lower bearing is j on the wheel at a sli ht angle normally to the work in order to eect a concave or hollow grind. A simple mechanism for eecting such anadjustment as herein shown comprises a bar 84, secured to one 'side of the vertical yoke 47 and at itsotherend carrying a block 85, provided with an elongated slot 86 ,t this latter fitting over a threade rod 487, mounted upon the rear portion of yoke 46, as best shown in the detail view in Fig. 6, the block being secured at any desired adjustment on rod` 87 byl upper and lower clamping-nuts 88 and 89, respectively. In practice the angular adjustmentsI of the spindle ofy the grindingwheel are but slight, and these are easily and nicely effected by the mechanism A last. 'described. f

In operation the top nets having.

u on turning on an electric current through t e coils of the ma ets. The box or tank `35 is then filled wit water vor other cooling and lubricating fluid-up to a height slightly above the/upper surface of the work. lThe Abed-.platand box are then set in motion by' `29 operating, through arm 27 and the beltshifting mechanism, to eifect'the automatic reversal ofmovementof the bed-plate at its .limit of travel in each direction.. By means lowered and roughly adjuste to the work, after which, by means of the hand-wheel 71, a nice adjustment of the grindingha'd upon the work is effected, at which point the grlndmg edge of the' ring wheel 1s slightly subter, as clearly indicate in Fig. 2, so that they grindlng action takes :place `wholly beneath the level of the coolingfor lubricating fluid. The normal` tendency of Ithe grinding-head .being to rise, it follows that there is no uneven or ,unequal grinding produced when the grlndlng-head is partially removed from the work, as when passing off the ends ofthe latter. l Incase of hollow or concave grinding the arm 84--is adjusted on the threaded. ro

head to such a degree as to eHect the desired degree of concavity' in the ground surface,

remaining as -previously described. 4From -the foregom 1t will be seen that our invenmate contact at all times with both the grinding and the ground surface, thus keeping down the heat produced-by friction and preventing y distortion of the latter through such heat, l which feature' we regard as a leading feature surface'of the mag-l been thoroughly cleaned.` thei 8 5 knife-blade or other work 42 is laid thereon".y and secured thereto by magnetic attraction merged beneath the u'ppcr surface of the wainjury to the temper of the work and It is sometimes desirable to set the ringstarting up the machine, the tappets 28 and of the handle 83 the grindin -head is then 87 to tilt the spindle; of the grindingl the'other adjustments ofthe spindle and .head l tion eifectst ehighly-important-result of a- Isubmerged grinding wherein the'cooling and' lubricatlng iiuid is necessarily in most intiv operation the grinding-head may of the invention. The other beneiits and advantages have already been fully mentioned and need not be here repeated.

It may be mentioned as an additional element of accuracy offered by the resent machine that as a preliminary to t e grinding be lowered 1nto contact with the upper surface or body of the magnets and run over the same to smooth and grind the latter to a true and perfect surface for the work subsequently laid thereon, and in view of the fact that a perfect replica of such surface is bound to be produced on the upper surface of the work it would follow that a true and uniform thickness is produced inthe. Workv bythe grinding operation. `It may also be mentioned that in grinding some knives one edge is ground thinner than the other. Such grinding may be effected by the machine herein described by sliding one of the bevel-pinions 80 out of engagement, with its companion pinion 79, as indicated at the upper right-hand corner in Fig. 2`, whereby the adjusting-rod 76 on but one side of the machine is operated. This results in tilting the grinding-head in a direction transverse to the work, thereby grinding off one edge of the latter more than the other.

1. 'In a grinding-machine, the combination with a vertical s indle and a grinding-wheel mounted on the lbwer end thereof, of suitable bearings in which said spindle is journaled, means for driving said spindle, means for overbalancing the gravity effect of said grinding-wheel and its driving mechanism, and means for supporting the work against the grinding-face' of said grinding-wheel, substantially as described.

2. In a grinding-machine, the combination with a vertical spindle and a grinding-wheel mounted on the lower end thereof, .of suitable bearings in which said spindle is journaled with capacity for vertical adjustment, meansV for driving said spindle, means for vertically adjusting said spindle, means for overbalancin the gravity effect of said grind-` ingwheel an anism, and agqainst the its driving and adjusting mechmeans for supporting the work grindmg-face of said grindingw eel, substantially/as described.

'3,' In a grinding-machine, the combination with a vertical Spindle and a'grinding-wheel mounted on the lower endthereof, of suitable bearings in which said spindle is jourynaled with capacity for both vertical and angular adjustment, means for driving said spindle, means for vertically adjusting said spindle, other means for angularly adjusting said spindle, means for overbalancing the gravity effect of said grinding-wheel and its driving and adjustlng mechanism, and means for supporting the work against the grinding-face of said grinding-Wheel, substantially as described.

4. In a grinding-machine, the combination with a grinding-tool and means for actuating the same, of a substantially watertight work-supporting case, an electromagnct contained in the latter, means for directing the lines of magnetic force through said case and the work laid thereon so as to hold the latter to the former through magnetic attraction, and a tank containing said work-supporting case and adapted to be filled with water to a level above the surface of the work to be ground, substantially as described.

5. In a grinding-machine, the combination with a stationary frame, of a bed-plate reciprocable thereover, a tank carried by said bed.- plate, a work-supportinfy device'contained in said tank, a stationary rousing rising above said tank, a horizontally-disposed yoke carriedl by said housing extending across said tank, a vertical spindle supported by said yoke, a grinding-wheel on the lower end of said spindle, means for driving said spindle, means for overbalancing the ravity effect of said grinding-wheel and its riving mechanism, and means foi' adjusting said rindingwheel into operative contact with t ie work, substantially as described.

6. In a grinding-machine, the combination with a stationary frame, of a bed-plate reciprocable thereover, a tank carried by said bedplate, a work-supporting device contained in said tank, a stationary housing rising above said tank, a horizontally-dis osed yoke cai"- ried by said housin exten ing across said tank, a verticallyisposed yoke pivotally mounted in Said horizontal yoke and containing bearings, a spindle mounted in said bearings, a grinding-wheel on the lower end of said spindle, means for driving said spindle, means for overbalancing the gravity effect of said grinding-wheel and its riving mechanism, and means for angularly adjusting said 'vertical yoke and said spindle mounte therein, whereby to effect concave or hollow grinding, substantially as described..

7. In agrinding-machine, the combination with a stationary frame, of a bed-plate reciprocable thereover, a tank carried by said bedplate, a work-supporting device contained in said tank, a stationary housing rising above said tank, a vertically-ad'ustable horizontally-disposed yoke carrie by said housing extending across said tank, an angularly-adjustable vertically-disposed oke pivotally mounted in said horizontal yo e and containing bearings, a vertically-adjustable spindle mounted in said bearings, a grinding-wheel on the lower end of said spindle, means for driving said spindle, and means for overbalancing the gravity effect of said grindingwheel and its driving mechanism, substantially as described 8. In a grinding-machine, the combination with a grinding-tool and means for actuating the same, of a work-supporting cas'e, an elec- IOO IIO

- ltight s tromanet contained inV the latter, a Waterabove the surface of the Work to be ground,

l eathing or covefrinilsul'roundilillg 1`aid substantially as described;

e ectromagnet, means or 'recting t e 'nes of magnetic force through said case and the Work laid thereon so as to hold the latter to the frame through magnetic attraction, and' Witnesses:

a tank containing said Work-supporting casel C. W. VAN ARSDELL,

and adapted to be filled with water to a level l O. L. Cox. 

